What is a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)?
A Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) is a secure digital key issued by a Certifying Authority (CA) to validate and certify the identity of the person holding this certificate. It is the digital equivalent of a physical handwritten signature.
DSCs are used to sign digital documents electronically, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of the data. In India, Class 3 DSCs are now the standard for most official purposes, including MCA filings, Income Tax returns, GST filings, and e-Tendering.
Types of Digital Signature Certificates
Currently, the most common and mandatory type of DSC is Class 3. Class 2 DSCs have been discontinued.
- Class 3 Signing DSC: Used for signing documents. Mandatory for MCA, GST, Income Tax, and PF filings.
- Class 3 Encryption DSC: Used for encrypting data. Often required for e-Tendering processes to secure bid documents.
- Sign & Encrypt (Combo) DSC: A combination of both signing and encryption, widely used for e-Tendering and high-security transactions.
- DGFT DSC: Specifically for foreign trade transactions on the DGFT portal.
Benefits & Usage of DSC
A Digital Signature Certificate is essential for various online transactions:
- MCA Compliance: Mandatory for company incorporation, annual returns, and other filings with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
- Tax Filing: Required for e-filing Income Tax Returns (mandatory for companies and tax audits) and GST returns.
- e-Tendering: Essential for participating in government online tenders and auctions.
- EPFO & ESIC: Used by employers for signing PF and ESI returns.
- Foreign Trade: Required for Import Export Code (IEC) registration and other DGFT filings.
- Security: Ensures the document has not been tampered with and verifies the signer's identity.
Documents Required for DSC
The documentation depends on the applicant type (Individual or Organization).
For Individuals (Indian Citizens)
- PAN Card: Mandatory for identity verification.
- Aadhaar Card: For address proof and eKYC.
- Passport Size Photo: Recent color photograph.
- Email ID & Mobile Number: For OTP verification.
For Organizations (Companies/LLPs)
- Authorized Signatory's KYC: PAN, Aadhaar, and Photo.
- Organization Proof: GST Certificate, Certificate of Incorporation, or Partnership Deed.
- Authorization Letter: Board Resolution or letter authorizing the signatory.
- Bank Statement: Latest bank statement of the organization.
Application Process for DSC
- Application Form: Fill out the online application form with basic details.
- Payment: Pay the requisite fee for the selected DSC class and validity (1, 2, or 3 years).
- KYC Verification: Complete the KYC process using Aadhaar OTP or PAN-based video verification.
- Video Verification: Record a short video statement as per the instructions sent to your email/mobile.
- Approval & Download: Once approved by the CA, the DSC is downloaded into a FIPS-compliant USB Token.
- Delivery: The USB Token containing the DSC is couriered to your address.
